\u00a0<\/p>\n
\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ortam\u0131 ve Ekipmanlar<\/strong><\/h1>\n
\u0130yi bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve \u00fcretim y\u00f6ntemleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi ve hareket edebilmesi i\u00e7in tasarlan\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, i\u015fte kullan\u0131lan hammaddeler ve i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde \u00fcretilen maddelerle ilgili tehlike ve risklerin fark\u0131ndad\u0131r ve bu risklerin nas\u0131l kontrol edilece\u011fi konusunda e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada kullan\u0131lan makine ve aletler ama\u00e7lar\u0131na uygundur. \u0130\u015f planlan\u0131rken ve \u00e7er\u00e7evesi belirlenirken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n fiziksel ve zihinsel \u00f6n ko\u015fullar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131sal y\u00f6nleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f yollar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, i\u015f yeri ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131, sa\u011flam ortam ve i\u00e7 hava kalitesi yer al\u0131r. \u0130\u015flevsel fakt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda ula\u015f\u0131m ve yol trafi\u011finin d\u00fczenlenmesi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve ofislerin d\u00fczenli ve temiz tutulmas\u0131 yer al\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131ndaki psikososyal fakt\u00f6rler, i\u015flevsel ve yap\u0131sal fakt\u00f6rler ile birlikte bir i\u015f yerindeki insanlar aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimi, bireyin i\u015fini ve bunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00fczerindeki etkisini, \u00f6rg\u00fctsel ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kapsayan toplu bir terimdir.<\/p>\n
\nKald\u0131rma ve ta\u015f\u0131ma<\/strong>\u00a0i\u00e7in i\u015f istasyonlar\u0131, y\u00fck\u00fcn makul d\u00fczeyde kalaca\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kendi kapasitelerine g\u00f6re i\u015fin fiziksel zorlanma ve stres fakt\u00f6rlerini tan\u0131yabilece\u011fi \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmelidir. Ana stres\u00f6rler, y\u00fck\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma duru\u015flar\u0131 ve kald\u0131rma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fcklerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filere kald\u0131rma konusunda yeterli rehberlik ve talimat verilmeli ve bunu yaparken uygun tekni\u011fi kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in pratikler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc,<\/strong>\u00a0i\u015f yerinde yayg\u0131n bir \u00e7evresel stres etkenidir. \u0130\u015f yerindeki g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn sadece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan refah\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015f tatminini de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda performans ve motivasyonu da olumsuz etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6steren kan\u0131tlar vard\u0131r. G\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilen kan\u0131tlar, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, iyi olu\u015fu, i\u015f tatmini ve \u00fcretkenli\u011fi \u00fczerindeki potansiyel etkilerinin, eldeki g\u00f6revin do\u011fas\u0131na ve \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n
Mevcut ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar,\u00a0pencereler ve havaland\u0131rma<\/strong>\u00a0kalitesinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve refah\u0131 \u00fczerinde hem do\u011frudan hem de dolayl\u0131 etkileri olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Fiziksel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerinin bir ba\u015f etme kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u015flevi g\u00f6rebilece\u011fine, iyile\u015fme ve restorasyon i\u00e7in say\u0131s\u0131z f\u0131rsat sundu\u011funa dair birikmi\u015f kan\u0131tlar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\n\u0130\u015f g\u00f6revleri iyi planland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara rehberlik edildi\u011finde ve i\u015f dikkatli ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceli bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015f yerindeki risklerden ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131labilir. Sorunlar esas olarak fiziksel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131ndan kaynaklansa da, psikososyal fakt\u00f6rler insanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 ile ilgili sorunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l deneyimlediklerini etkiler. Bu nedenle risk y\u00f6netimi, sosyal ve organizasyonel ba\u011flam dahil edilerek ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, organizasyon yap\u0131lar\u0131, i\u015fin \u00e7evresel ba\u011flam\u0131 ve fiziksel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ve di\u011fer i\u015f yeri ko\u015fullar\u0131; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 ve ekipmanlardan kaynaklanabilecek riskler de\u011ferlendirilirken g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
ISO 45003:2021<\/strong>\u2019de yer alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131, ekipman ve tehlikeli g\u00f6revlerden kaynaklanabilecek temel psikososyal riskler:<\/p>\n
\u2022 yetersiz ekipman mevcudiyeti, uygunlug\u0306u, gu\u0308venilirlig\u0306i, bak\u0131m\u0131 veya onar\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022 c\u0327al\u0131s\u0327ma alan\u0131 eksiklig\u0306i, yetersiz ayd\u0131nlatma ve as\u0327\u0131r\u0131 gu\u0308ru\u0308ltu\u0308 gibi is\u0327 yerine ilis\u0327kin ko\u0308tu\u0308 kos\u0327ullar<\/p>\n
\u2022 is\u0327 go\u0308revlerini tamamlamak ic\u0327in gerekli arac\u0327, gerec\u0327 veya dig\u0306er kaynaklar\u0131n eksiklig\u0306i<\/p>\n
\u2022 c\u0327ok yu\u0308ksek veya du\u0308s\u0327u\u0308k s\u0131cakl\u0131klar gibi as\u0327\u0131r\u0131 kos\u0327ullarda ya da durumlarda c\u0327al\u0131s\u0327mak<\/p>\n
\u2022 c\u0327at\u0131s\u0327ma bo\u0308lgeleri gibi istikrars\u0131z ortamlarda c\u0327al\u0131s\u0327mak<\/p>\n
specified as.<\/p>\n
\nConclusion<\/strong><\/h1>\n
\u0130\u015f yerinin fiziksel ortam \u00f6zelliklerinin, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n iyi olu\u015fu ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinde belirgin ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir bir etkisi oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, fiziksel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131, \u201cpsikolojik olarak destekleyici bir ortam\u201d geli\u015ftirmeye ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 desteklemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 ve ekipmanlar\u0131n iyi d\u00fczenlenmesi ele al\u0131nan g\u00f6revlerle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak; eldeki g\u00f6revle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ebilecek engelleri \u00f6nlemek; sosyal deste\u011fe eri\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak, olumlu aktivitelere eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak ve insanlara fiziksel-sosyal \u00e7evreleri \u00fczerinde kontrol hissi vermek gibi stres azalt\u0131c\u0131 unsurlar\u0131 kullanabilmek i\u00e7in i\u015fletmelere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u0130yi bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve motivasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak bu destekleyici rol\u00fc yerine getirmeyi ama\u00e7lar.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli unsur, i\u015f yerinizdeki fiziksel ve psikososyal riskleri tespit etmek ve belirlenen riskleri y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek gerekli \u00f6nlemleri almakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
N_HumaN Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k\u2019\u0131n be\u015f a\u015famal\u0131\u00a0\u0130YRS\u00a0\u00ae\u00a0modeli, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 ve ekipmanlardan kaynaklanabilecek psikososyal riskleri belirlemek ve bu risklerin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek \u00fczere risk y\u00f6netimi uygulamalar\u0131 ve destek hizmetleri sunmak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\nPsychosocial Working Environment<\/em>. University of Bergen. (n.d.). Retrieved March 16, 2022, from https:\/\/www.uib.no\/en\/hms-portalen\/79797\/psychosocial-working-environment
Safe and healthy work environment<\/em>. Work environment – The Centre for Occupational Safety. (n.d.). Retrieved March 16, 2022, from\u00a0https:\/\/ttk.fi\/en\/wellbeing_at_work_and_occupational_health_and_safety\/the_basics_for_occupational_safety_and_health\/work_environment#11a02d46
ISO 45003:2021(en) Occupational health and safety management \u2014 Psychological health and safety at work \u2014 Guidelines for managing psychosocial risks.
Ulrich, R. S. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, 224(4647), 420-421.
Evans, G. W., & McCoy, J. M. (1998). When buildings don\u2019t work: The role of architecture in human health.\u00a0Journal of Environmental psychology<\/em>,\u00a018<\/em>(1), 85-94.McCoy, J. M., & Evans, G. W. (2005). Physical work
environment.\u00a0Handbook of work stress<\/em>, 219-245.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n