{"id":2523,"date":"2022-09-30T08:14:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-30T05:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worknhuman.com\/?p=2523"},"modified":"2023-02-23T12:38:15","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T09:38:15","slug":"gorev-tasarimlarinda-psikososyal-riskler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worknhuman.com\/en\/task-designs-psychosocial-risks\/","title":{"rendered":"Psychosocial Risks in Task Designs"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rev Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\/g\u00f6rev tasar\u0131m\u0131, i\u015f ortam\u0131nda g\u00f6revlerin veya t\u00fcm i\u015fin nas\u0131l organize edildi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek ve daha sonra bunlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n nitelikleriyle e\u015fle\u015fmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\u0130yi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir i\u015f, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir i\u015f s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in gerekli olan ko\u015fullara ula\u015fmas\u0131na, b\u00f6ylece fiziksel ve zihinsel zorlanman\u0131n azalmas\u0131na ve i\u015f organizasyonun i\u015fleyi\u015fine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc, monoton i\u015f tekrarlar\u0131 ve i\u015f \u00fczerinde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kontrol gibi psikososyal risklerin belirlenmesi ve bu sayede kurulu\u015flar i\u00e7inde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi (\u0130SG) konusunda iyile\u015ftirmeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olur. \u0130yi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir i\u015f, daha ba\u011fl\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve \u00fcretken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 olan bir i\u015fletme imkan\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r ve bu sonu\u00e7lar hem \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara hem de kurulu\u015flara fayda sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

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Herhangi bir i\u015f veya i\u015f tasar\u0131m\u0131 m\u00fcdahalesinin nihai sonucu, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki niteliklere sahip i\u015fler elde etmektir:<\/p>\n

G\u00f6rev \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi:<\/strong>\u00a0Her i\u015fte optimal \u00e7e\u015fitlilikte g\u00f6revler sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir giri\u015fimde bulunulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok fazla \u00e7e\u015fitlilik, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u00e7in verimsiz olabilir. \u00c7ok az\u0131 can s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na ve yorgunlu\u011fa neden olabilir.\u00a0Optimal seviye, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6rev \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde dikkat veya \u00e7abadan sonra dinlenmesine veya tersine, rutin faaliyet d\u00f6nemlerinden sonra tekrar hareketli bir s\u00fcrece izin veren seviyedir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Yetenek \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi:<\/strong>\u00a0Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n bir dizi beceri d\u00fczeyini kullanmaktan memnuniyet duyduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Geri bildirim:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 hedeflerine ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bilgilendirmenin bir yolu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0131zl\u0131 geri bildirim, \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcrecine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u0130deal olarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kendi nicelik ve kalite standartlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleme sorumlulu\u011fu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6rev kimli\u011fi:<\/strong>\u00a0G\u00f6rev setleri, di\u011fer g\u00f6rev setlerinden baz\u0131 net s\u0131n\u0131rlarla ayr\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funda, bir grup veya bireysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ve anlaml\u0131 bir dizi g\u00f6revden sorumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde, i\u015f, onu \u00fcstlenen grup veya birey taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve di\u011ferleri onun \u00f6nemini anlar ve sayg\u0131 duyar.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6rev \u00f6zerkli\u011fi:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, i\u015fleri \u00fczerinde bir miktar kontrol uygulayabilmelidir. Takdir ve karar verme alanlar\u0131 onlara a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Psychosocial Risks in Task Designs<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00fcm i\u015f faaliyetlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u00fczerinde fiziksel veya zihinsel talepler getirece\u011fi kabul edilen bir durumdur; bunlar uygun seviyelerde tutulursa, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, esenli\u011fi ve performans\u0131 korunur; ancak talepler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kapasitesini a\u015farsa hatalar, kazalar, yaralanmalar ve fiziksel ve zihinsel sa\u011fl\u0131kta bozulmalar meydana gelebilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f tasar\u0131m\u0131 ilkelerinin uygulanmas\u0131; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n niteliklerine uygun olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ve verilmi\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, g\u00fc\u00e7, fiziksel kapasite, bilgi i\u015fleme kapasitesi ve beklentiler dahil olmak \u00fczere uygun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n, mobilyalar\u0131n, makinelerin ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n belirlenmesine de yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u00e7evre ile olan bu uyumu, i\u015f tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n psikososyal y\u00f6n\u00fc ile ilgili oldu\u011fundan ki\u015fi-\u00e7evre uyumu da s\u00fcrece dahil edilir. Genel olarak iyi bir i\u015f tasar\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn taleplerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n yeteneklerine uygunlu\u011fu olarak sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir i\u015f\/g\u00f6rev tasar\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcreci, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131ndaki psikososyal fakt\u00f6rleri ele alarak olu\u015fturulur.\u00a0Bu fakt\u00f6rlere \u00f6rnek olarak kontrol, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fck\u00fc ya da eksik y\u00fck, kas-iskelet sistemi bozukluklar\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili ergonomik y\u00f6nler, vardiyal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, tekrarlama, fazla mesai ve i\u015f stresi verilebilir. Bu nedenle iyi bir g\u00f6rev\/i\u015f tasar\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin amac\u0131 \u00fcretkenli\u011fi ve i\u015f yerindeki psikososyal ko\u015fullar\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmektir.<\/p>\n

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Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130\u015f\/g\u00f6rev tasar\u0131m\u0131, yeni bir i\u015f yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya yap\u0131lan i\u015f, art\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015fiye tam olarak uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n kapasitesini a\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda organizasyonlar i\u00e7inde bu g\u00f6rev tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ya da var olan g\u00f6revin g\u00fcncellenmesi olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcncellemeler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar kas-iskelet sistemine ba\u011fl\u0131 ergonomik problemler veya psikososyal risklerde kaynakl\u0131 zorlanmalar\u00a0gibi sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 sergilediklerinde ya da i\u015fin olumsuz etkilerine ve olu\u015fabilecek risklere kar\u015f\u0131 koymak i\u00e7in m\u00fcdahaleler gerekti\u011finde yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

N_HumaN Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k, 5 a\u015famal\u0131\u00a0\u0130YRS\u00a0modeli kapsam\u0131nda psikososyal risklerin de\u011ferlendirilmesi, g\u00f6rev tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 ile ilgili risk fakt\u00f6rlerinin belirlenmesi ve bunlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi i\u00e7in i\u015fletmelere hizmetler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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